Evolution of Bird Flight: Feathers Before Flight

Fossil evidence suggests feathers evolved before powered flight, likely serving roles in insulation, display, or gliding. Over time, feather structure and wing anatomy became suited to aerodynamic control.

Early bird relatives show a mix of traits: some had long tails and clawed wings, while later forms developed more efficient flight surfaces.

Biomechanics, fossil records, and genetics together help explain how incremental changes produced the diversity of flight styles seen in modern birds.